Вопрос школьника
In groups, discuss the following questions. Sum up the information about child labour over the last five centuries. — В группах обсудите следующие вопросы. Подведите итоги информации о детском труде в течение последних пяти столетий.
Ответ от учителя
Child labour has been a prevalent issue for centuries, with children being forced to work in various industries such as agriculture, mining, and manufacturing. Over the last five centuries, there have been significant changes in the attitudes towards child labour and the laws surrounding it.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, child labour was a common practice in Europe, with children as young as five years old working in factories and mines. The Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries saw a significant increase in child labour, with children working long hours in dangerous conditions in factories and mills.
In the early 20th century, there was a growing awareness of the negative effects of child labour on children’s health and education. This led to the introduction of laws and regulations to protect children from exploitation in the workplace. The International Labour Organization (ILO) was established in 1919, and in 1930, the ILO Convention on Minimum Age was adopted, setting the minimum age for employment at 14 years.
In the mid-20th century, child labour continued to be a problem in developing countries, with children working in agriculture, domestic service, and other industries. The United Nations adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989, which recognized the right of every child to be protected from economic exploitation and harmful work.
In recent years, there has been a significant reduction in child labour, with the number of child labourers worldwide decreasing from 246 million in 2000 to 152 million in 2016. However, child labour remains a significant issue in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries.
In conclusion, child labour has been a prevalent issue for centuries, with significant changes in attitudes and laws over the last five centuries. While progress has been made in reducing child labour, there is still much work to be done to ensure that every child has the right to a childhood free from exploitation and harmful work.
